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On a summer evening in 2024, Robert Layton went from relaxed to worried with a lift of his leg.

Last fall, Pam Ludy, 65, took a trip with her sister to North Carolina. But Pam, who has osteoarthritis in both knees, had a hard time walking.

Since an athletic injury suffered in his late 20s, Bill’s hard-charging approach to work and sports clashed with severe, right shoulder problems. For decades, he did his best to ignore the pain. But when the agony reached an all-time high, Bill turned to the WashU Medicine orthopedic specialists at Barnes-Jewish West County Hospital.