A DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan measures bone density using low-energy X-rays. This information helps us assess your risk or diagnose osteoporosis. The condition occurs when the body gradually loses calcium, causing bone tissue to thin and become fragile.

DEXA scans help us detect the early signs of osteoporosis so you can start treatments that lower the risk of future fractures. If you already have an osteoporosis diagnosis, periodic bone scans help us determine whether treatments are working as they should.

A bone scan takes 10 to 30 minutes. We typically scan the hips and lower spine. In some cases, we assess bone density in your extremities or your entire body. 

You lie on a padded table, and a tube with digital X-ray equipment passes over your body, capturing images of your bones. Special software processes this information and computes a bone density score.

Here is additional information about what to expect: 

• Calcium supplements: You should not take calcium supplements 24 hours before your DEXA scan.

• Clothing: Wear something comfortable. We may ask you to change into a gown or remove metal objects, like belts or items in your pockets.

• Jewelry: Do not wear jewelry during a bone scan. It’s best to leave valuable items at home to keep them safe. 

• Pregnancy: If you might be pregnant, please let us know so we can take steps to protect your baby from radiation exposure.

• Results: A radiologist reads the scan and interprets the results. They share this information with your referring physician via electronic medical record.

• Billing: You receive two bills — one from the facility where you receive your scan and the other from the radiologist who reads the results. Check with your insurance for specific billing charges to expect.

A bone density scan may be right for you if you are an older adult and have: 

• Undergone menopause and might not be getting enough estrogen

• Experienced a fracture due to mild trauma, like a sneeze or bumping into something

• A medical condition, like lupus or cancer, that causes bone weakening

DEXA scans at a younger age may be appropriate if you have bone health risk factors, such as

• History of heavy tobacco or alcohol use

• Family history of osteoporosis

• Digestive disorders, like irritable bowel syndrome that impact your ability to absorb nutrients from food

• Hormone deficiency, particularly estrogen

• Medical conditions requiring medications, such as steroids, that can weaken your bones