End-of-Life Decision-Making

Purpose | Principles | How to Care for a Patient in Pain | Nutrition
Nausea and Vomiting | Constipation | Anxiety and Depression | Dyspnea
Fatigue | End-of-Life Decision-Making | Community Resources
How to Refer PatientsCommunication | Links and References

Setting and Implementing Goals for Care

  • Identify patient and family preferences
  • Consider an evidence-based prognosis
  • Uses the goals for care to develop a management plan

Goal Use Code Level
Life prolongation All measures including ICU procedures without exception Code I
Maintenance of physical function, cognitive function All medically indicated procedures physical appropriate to an individual's needs Code I or
Code II
Palliation Relief of symptoms, substitution of medical treatment for surgery where possible Code II
Comfort Focus on symptom management Code III

Missouri Baptist Medical Center Inpatient Code Level Definitions
Code I -- All appropriate diagnostic tests, therapeutic measures and nursing care, including resuscitation.

Code II -- All appropriate diagnostic tests, therapeutic measures and nursing care without resuscitative measures; no CPR, defibrillation, intubation, ventilation. Consider limiting other measures. 

Code III -- Comfort measures only. No diagnostic or therapeutic measures are given except aggressive pain and symptom management. Implementation of Code III order set.

Communicating Patient's Wishes -- Advance Directives
Three documents are available to assert a person's choice for health-care treatment, especially when a person lacks the capacity to make his or her own health-care decisions. Consult a social worker for questions or assistance regarding advance directives. 

Living Will -- General statement concerning withholding and withdrawing medical treatment when a person is diagnosed as terminally ill.

Health-Care Directive -- A more specific statement of choices about withholding and withdrawing medical treatments such as CPR, ventilation, surgery, antibiotics, and artificial nutrition and hydration.

Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care -- Designation of an agent who will make health-care decisions if the person is incapacitated and unable to make his or her own decisions.

 

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